Key Elements and Styles of Temple Architecture in Odisha
Bisama:
The Bisama of a Rekha Deula marks the transition point where the Sikhara (curvilinear spire) ends, and the Beki begins. It is characterized by its curved and sloping design, seamlessly guiding the structure's flow towards the Beki. The Bisama not only enhances the aesthetic continuity of the temple but also serves as a crucial architectural feature, maintaining the stability and balance of the towering Sikhara.
Beki:
The Beki is an architectural feature in Odishan temples, specifically in the Rekha Deula style. It refers to the narrow cornice or molding located at the transition point between the Gandi (curvilinear spire) and the Mastaka (crowning element) of the temple. The Beki provides a distinct visual break and emphasizes the shift from the main body of the Sikhara to its crowning elements. This feature showcases the precision and attention to detail characteristic of Odishan temple architecture.
Amlaka:
The Amlaka is a disc-like, round architectural feature and a vital element of the Mastaka in Odishan temple architecture. It is positioned above the Beki, serving as a transitional base for the Kalasa, Ayudha, and Dhwaja. This feature not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of the temple but also holds deep spiritual significance, reflecting the harmonious blend of art and devotion in Odishan temples.
Khapuri:
The Khapuri is the upper sloping portion of the Amlaka, a prominent component of the Mastaka in Odishan temple architecture. It serves as the transition element that connects the rounded structure of the Amlaka to the Kalasa above it. The Khapuri enhances the elegance of the Mastaka, showcasing the intricate design and craftsmanship typical of Odishan temples.
Kalasa:
The Kalasa is an essential architectural element of the temple Mastaka in Odishan temple architecture. It is a pot-shaped structure placed at the top of the temple spire (Sikhara) and acts as the base for the Ayudha (divine weapon) and Dhwaja (flag). The Kalasa symbolizes prosperity, abundance, and the essence of divinity, making it a significant spiritual and decorative feature of the temple's crowning structure.
Ayudha:
The Ayudha is a symbolic representation of a divine weapon or emblem, placed at the top of the temple's Mastaka above the Kalasa. It signifies the deity to whom the temple is dedicated. In Shaivite temples, the Ayudha is typically a Trident or a Linga, often referred to as the Akash Linga. In Vaishnavite temples, it is the Sudarshan Chakra, while in Devi temples, it is generally a Trident or a Lotus. The Ayudha serves as a spiritual symbol, reflecting the temple's sanctity and divine connection.
Dhwaja:
The Dhwaja of a temple is the ceremonial flag tied to the Ayudha at the Mastaka of the temple. It is a symbolic representation of divine presence and serves as a mark of sanctity and reverence. The Dhwaja is hoisted during rituals and festivals, signifying the temple's active spiritual energy and the deity's blessings. Its placement atop the temple emphasizes the connection between the earthly and the divine.